Michail Gorbachev Autograph

Profession:
(1931-2022) Russian and Soviet politician who served as the last leader of the Soviet Union. As the country's head of state from 1988 to 1991, he served as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991, and President of the Soviet Union from 1990 until the country's dissolution in 1991.

Year of Birth: 1931

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was born on March 2, 1931, in Privolnoye, Russia. Growing up in a simple farming family, he experienced the struggles of rural life during his early years. Despite these challenges, Gorbachev excelled in school and eventually went on to study law at Moscow State University.

Gorbachev's political career began when he joined the Communist Party in 1952. Over the years, he climbed the ranks of the party, serving as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. During his time in office, he implemented a series of reforms that would later become known as perestroika and glasnost.

Perestroika aimed to restructure the Soviet economy and political system, while glasnost promoted openness and transparency in government. These reforms marked a significant departure from the policies of his predecessors and set the stage for the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union.

In 1990, Gorbachev was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to bring about peaceful political change. Despite his achievements, Gorbachev faced criticism from hardliners within the party who opposed his reforms. In 1991, he was removed from power during a failed coup attempt and the Soviet Union dissolved shortly after.

After leaving politics, Gorbachev founded the Gorbachev Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting peace, democracy, and human rights. He continues to be active in global affairs, advocating for nuclear disarmament and sustainable development.

Throughout his life, Gorbachev has been a key figure in shaping the course of world history. His legacy as a reformer and peacemaker continues to inspire leaders around the globe.